Kostas Chatzopoulos (1868-1920) and Konstantinos Theotokis (1872-1923) were the two prose writers who developed folkloric realism (ethography), brought about the regeneration of the genre and directed it towards social critisism, in line with their socialist ideas.

In Agapi sto horio (Love in the Village), 1910, and O pyrgos tou Akropoptamou, (The Castle of Akropotamos), 1909, Kostas Chatzopoulos veered towards an ethographic naturalism in order to condemn the conventions and prejudices of the rural community. A later novel, Fthinoporo (Autumn), 1917, depicted a bourgeois milieu in an accomplished Symbolist prose style.

Konstantinos Theotokis, a socialist himself, also delineated social injustice and corruption. Social injustice, the oppression of the ruling class, cultural retardation, hypocrisy, the corrupting influence of money are all condemned in his prose writing. Theotokis was influenced by the teachings of Russian realism and German humanism. Among his best works are Ï Katadikos (The Convict), 1919, I timi kai to chrima (Honour and Money),1914 and I zoi kai o thanatos tou Karavela (The Life and Death of Karavelas), 1920, the novel which, as Mario Vitti observes, is the culmination of folkloric realism.